KIMIA: Praktikum Sistem Koloid
5/22/2012 10:59:00 PM
I.
Judul
Title
Title
Praktikum Sistem Koloid
Colloid Systems Lab
Colloid Systems Lab
II.
Tujuan
Purpose
Purpose
Menjelaskan system koloid dan menentukan
suatu jenis koloid
Explain the colloidal system and determine the type of colloid
Explain the colloidal system and determine the type of colloid
III.
Teori
dasar
Basic Theory
Basic Theory
Koloid adalah suatu campuran zat heterogen
(dua fase) antara dua zat atau lebih di mana partikel-partikel zat yang
berukuran koloid (fase terdispersi/yang dipecah) tersebar secara merata di
dalam zat lain. Dimana di antara campuran homogen dan heterogen terdapat
sistem pencampuran yaitu koloid, atau bisa juga disebut bentuk (fase) peralihan
homogen menjadi heterogen. Campuran homogen adalah campuran yang memiliki sifat
sama pada setiap bagian campuran tersebut, contohnya larutan gula dan hujan.
Sedangkan campuran heterogen sendiri adalah campuran yeng memiliki sifat tidak
sama pada setiap bagian campuran, contohnya air dan minyak.
Ukuran partikel koloid berkisar antara
1-100 nm. Ukuran yang dimaksud dapat berupa diameter, panjang, lebar, maupun
tebal dari suatu partikel. Contoh lain dari sistem koloid adalah adalah tinta,
yang terdiri dari serbuk-serbuk warna (padat) dengan cairan (air). Selain
tinta, masih terdapat banyak sistem koloid yang lain, seperti mayones,
hairspray, jelly, dll.
Ciri-ciri koloid
- 2 fase
- Keruh
- Antara homogen dengan heterogen
- Diameter
partikel: 1 nm
- Tidak dapat disaring dengan penyaring biasa
- Tidak memisah jika didiamkan
Fase terdispersi terbagi menjadi 3, sol,
emulsi dan buih. System koloid terdapat
banyak dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
Sifat – sifat khas koloid :
a.
Efek tyndall adalah efek penghamburan cahaya oleh
partikel koloid.
b.
Gerak brown adalah gerak acak, gerak tidak
beraturan dari partikel koloid.
c.
Adsorbsi, beberapa partikel koloid mempunyai sifat absorbsi (penyerapan)
terhadap partikel atau ion senyawa yang lain. Penyerapan pada permukaan ini
disebut absorbsi (harus dibedakan dengan absorbsi yang berarti penyerapan
sampai kebawah permukaan).
d.Koagulasi
adalah penggumpalan partikel koloid dan membentuk endapan. Dengan
terjadinya koagulasi, berarti zat terdispersi tidak lagi membentuk koloid.
Koagulasi dapat terjadi secara fisik seperti pemanasan, pendinginan,dan
pengadukan atau secara kimia seperti penambahan elektrolit, pencampuran koloid yang
berbeda muatan.
e.
Koloid liofil dan koloid liofob. Koloid ini terjadi
pada sol (fase padat – cair). Koloid liofil merupakan system koloid yang
afinitas fase terdispersinya besar terhadap medium pendispersi,contoh: sol
kanji, agar-agar, lem, cat. Sedangkan koloid liofob adalah system koloid yang
afinitas fase terdispersinya kecil terhadap medium pendispersinya, contoh: sol
belerang, sol emas.
Colloid is a heterogeneous mixture
of substances (two phase) between two or more substances in which the particles
are sized colloidal substance (the dispersed phase / were broken) spread evenly
in another substance. Where in between there is a mixture of homogeneous
and heterogeneous mixing of the colloidal system, or it could be called a form
(phase) transition into heterogeneous homogeneous. Homogeneous mixture is
a mixture which has the same properties in every part of the mixture, for
example, a solution of sugar and rain. While the mix itself is a
heterogeneous mixture of Yeng has not the same character in every part of the
mix, eg water and oil.
Colloidal particle size range between 1-100 nm. Can be any size is the diameter, length, width, and thickness of a particle. Other examples of colloidal systems is the ink, which consists of filings color (solid) and liquid (water). In addition to the ink, there are many other colloidal systems, such as mayonnaise, hairspray, jelly, etc..
The characteristics of colloidal
• 2 phases
• turbid
• Between homogeneous with heterogeneous
• Diameter of particles: 1 nm
• No separate if allowed to stand
Dispersed phase is divided into 3, the soles, emulsion and foam. There are many colloidal systems in everyday life.
Properties - the typical
colloid properties:
a. Tyndall effect is the effect of light scattering by colloidal particles.
b. Brown motion is the random motion, irregular motion of colloidal particles.
c. Adsorption, colloidal particles have absorption properties (absorption) of the particle or ion to another compound. Absorption on the surface is called the absorption (absorption to be distinguished by means of absorption to bottom surface).
d.Koagulasi colloidal particles are clumping and forming a precipitate. With the onset of coagulation, means the substance is no longer dispersed colloidal form. Coagulation can occur physically such as heating, cooling, and stirring or the addition of chemicals such as electrolytes, colloidal mixing of different charge.
e. Colloids and Colloid liofob liofil. This occurs in the colloidal sol (solid phase - liquid).Liofil colloid is a colloidal system terdispersinya great affinity phase of the dispersing medium, eg sol starch, gelatin, glue, paint. While colloidal liofob is the affinity of the colloidal system of small to medium phase terdispersinya pendispersinya, eg sulfur sol, sol gold.
a. Tyndall effect is the effect of light scattering by colloidal particles.
b. Brown motion is the random motion, irregular motion of colloidal particles.
c. Adsorption, colloidal particles have absorption properties (absorption) of the particle or ion to another compound. Absorption on the surface is called the absorption (absorption to be distinguished by means of absorption to bottom surface).
d.Koagulasi colloidal particles are clumping and forming a precipitate. With the onset of coagulation, means the substance is no longer dispersed colloidal form. Coagulation can occur physically such as heating, cooling, and stirring or the addition of chemicals such as electrolytes, colloidal mixing of different charge.
e. Colloids and Colloid liofob liofil. This occurs in the colloidal sol (solid phase - liquid).Liofil colloid is a colloidal system terdispersinya great affinity phase of the dispersing medium, eg sol starch, gelatin, glue, paint. While colloidal liofob is the affinity of the colloidal system of small to medium phase terdispersinya pendispersinya, eg sulfur sol, sol gold.
IV.
Alat
dan Bahan
Tools and Materials
Tools and Materials
·
Sendok
·
Alu
·
Mangkok
·
Plastik
·
Air
·
Biskuit coklat
·
Biskuit
·
Susu cair
·
Coklat
V.
Rincian Dana
Details of fund
Details of fund
·
Biskuit coklat Rp 4000,00
·
Biskuit Rp 8000,00
·
Susu cair Rp
2000,000
Coklat Rp
6000,00
Total = Rp
20000,00
VI. Cara Kerja
Procedure
Procedure
1. Haluskan biscuit dengan alu, campur dengan air;
2. Tambahkan susu cair, hingga adonan dapat dibentuk;
3. Bentuk adonan menjadi bulat-bulat;
4. Lumuri dengan coklat;
5. Simpan dalam lemari es.
VII.
Analisa
Data
Data Analysis
Data Analysis
Dalam hipotesa bola-bola cokelat termasuk
koloid emulsi padat, dengan fase terdipersi air dan susu dengan medium
pendispersi biscuit.
Namun berdasarkan hasil pengamatan dan
teori dasar yang, ada bola-bola coklat tersebut bukan merupakan koloid dan
lebih dominan bersifat suspensi. Karena
pada pembuatannya tidak terukur seberapa besar partikel biscuit yang digunakan
dan campurannya. Bola-bola cokelat
tersebut juga tidak memenuhi sifat-sifat koloid. Tidak terdapat rongga seperti pada buih
padat( roti dan biscuit).
Pada campuran bola-bola cokelat terdapat
susu yang merupakan koloid emulsi cair, dengan fase terdispersi air dan minyak
dengan medium pendispersi kasein.
In the hypothesis of chocolate balls
including colloidal solids emulsion, with water and milk terdipersi phase with
the dispersing medium biscuit.
However, based on observations and theoretical basis, there are chocolate balls are not the dominant nature of colloids and suspensions. Because the preparation is not measured how much the particles used and the biscuit mixture. Chocolate balls are also not satisfy the properties of colloids. There is no such cavity in solid foam (bread and biscuits).
On the balls of the mixture of milk chocolate are a colloidal liquid emulsion, with water and oil phases dispersed in the dispersing medium casein.
However, based on observations and theoretical basis, there are chocolate balls are not the dominant nature of colloids and suspensions. Because the preparation is not measured how much the particles used and the biscuit mixture. Chocolate balls are also not satisfy the properties of colloids. There is no such cavity in solid foam (bread and biscuits).
On the balls of the mixture of milk chocolate are a colloidal liquid emulsion, with water and oil phases dispersed in the dispersing medium casein.
VIII.
Kesimpulan
Conclusion
Conclusion
Koloid adalah suatu campuran zat heterogen (dua fase) antara dua zat atau lebih di mana partikel-partikel zat yang berukuran koloid (fase terdispersi/yang dipecah) tersebar secara merata di dalam zat lain.
Dari hasil praktikum
dapat disimpulkan bahwa bola-bola cokelat yang menjadi pengamatan bukan
merupakan koloid, zat tersebut dominan suspensi. Karena tidak memenuhi
ciri-ciri dan sifat dari sistem koloid.
Colloid is a heterogeneous mixture
of substances (two phase) between two or more substances in which the particles
are sized colloidal substance (the dispersed phase / were broken) spread evenly
in another substance.
Of lab results can be concluded that the chocolate balls into the observation is not a colloidal suspension of the substance is dominant. Because it does not meet the characteristics and properties of colloidal systems.
Of lab results can be concluded that the chocolate balls into the observation is not a colloidal suspension of the substance is dominant. Because it does not meet the characteristics and properties of colloidal systems.
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